PHILATELY OF SAINT DOMINIC'S ORDER. 1216. FOUNDED AS ORDER OF PREACHERS.
Only for personal study and documentation.
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Update
January 2010
Dominic,- Spanish
Domingo de Guzmān -, was
born Caleruega, Castile
ca. 1174. He studied at
Palencia, and joined the canonsregulars,
a religious community
attached to the cathedral of the diocese of
Osma,
ca. 1197/98. In 1203,
Diego, Bishop of Osma, was sent on a
royal mission to North Germany,
or 'Marken', and took
Dominic with him. In
the South of France they met
the
Albigensian heretics.
On the return road of their second mission to the 'Marken', Diego and
Dominic visited Pope Innocent III. They would dedicate themselves to the
preaching against the heretics, but the Pope refused this plan. Returning to
Osma, they met in Montpellier the Cistercians preachers, Legates of the
Pope, depressed at the failure
of their
mission. They consulted Diego and Dominic, who reasoned
that the heretics would be regained only by an austerity equal to their own;
the preachers must tramp
the roads barefoot and in
poverty.After the murder of
he Papal Legate, Peter de Castelnau,1208,
the Pope called upon a crusade. Meanwhile, the
civil war dragged on until Simon's victory at Muret
on 12 September 1213.
April 1214, Dominic and his group received the warrant to preach from Legate
Petrus de Benevent. Then the Catholic party entered Toulouse, Dominic and
his friends were
welcomed by Bishop Foulques (Fulco). He established them as "diocesan
preachers' in
June or July 1215. In the
spring of 1216 Dominic met with his
16 companions,
for the 'capitulum fundationis' (chapter
of
foundation).
They adopted the rule of Saint Augustin, as well as a set of
consuetudines ("customs").
Pope Honorius III gave
Dominic
formal sanction of his order by
his bull 'Religiosam vitam' of 22
December
1216, and by his bull of 21
January 1217 the name 'Preachers'. Dominic died at
Bologna, 6 August 1221,
and was buried in the church of the Dominican priory. He
was canonized on 3
July 1234.
The history of this collection started in
1974 when the Dominicans Servatius P. Wolfs (12.3.1914-19.4.1991), Leopold
van Nueten (23.10.1923-2.7.1991) and Peter Wols (26.2.1928) brought their
stamps and documentation together. S.P. Wolfs published his book
'Dominicanen en hun geschiedenis op postzegels' in 1982 with his additions
in Dominicaans Leven (Belgium) till 1989.
Peter Wols published 6 tomes 'Dominicus en zijn volgelingen op postzegels,
postale stukken en in stempels' (1994-2002). On the site 'Philately of
Saint Dominic's Order' you find a new version of whole the material, known
till 15 January 2010. With thanks to Carlos Spoor, O.P. for the translation, all
the collectors for their tips and additions, and Tobias Renique as computer
expert.
Thanks to the Schwaneberger Verlag in München for the kindly permission to use the numbers of their catalogues. The Scott numbers are from Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogues 2002, published by Scott Publishing Co.911 Vandemark Road, Sidney, OH